Compare Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2007) - Namibia (2002)

Compare Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2007) z Namibia (2002)

	Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2007)	Namibia (2002)

Administrative divisions	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)	13 regions; Caprivi, Erongo, Hardap, Karas, Khomas, Kunene, Ohangwena, Okavango, Omaheke, Omusati, Oshana, Oshikoto, Otjozondjupa
Age structure	0-14 years: NA 15-64 years: NA 65 years and over: NA	0-14 years: 42.6% (male 392,706; female 382,690) 15-64 years: 53.7% (male 490,151; female 488,052) 65 years and over: 3.7% (male 29,345; female 37,972) (2002 est.)
Agriculture - products	fodder and vegetable crops; sheep, dairy products; fish, squid	millet, sorghum, peanuts; livestock; fish
Airports	6 (2007)	137 (2001)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 2 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2007)	total: 21 over 3,047 m: 2 2,438 to 3,047 m: 2 1,524 to 2,437 m: 13 914 to 1,523 m: 4 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 4 under 914 m: 4 (2007)	total: 114 2,438 to 3,047 m: 2 1,524 to 2,437 m: 22 914 to 1,523 m: 71 under 914 m: 19 (2002)
Area	total: 12,173 sq km land: 12,173 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes the two main islands of East and West Falkland and about 200 small islands	total: 825,418 sq km land: 825,418 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	slightly smaller than Connecticut	slightly more than half the size of Alaska
Background	Although first sighted by an English navigator in 1592, the first landing (English) did not occur until almost a century later in 1690, and the first settlement (French) was not established until 1764. The colony was turned over to Spain two years later and the islands have since been the subject of a territorial dispute, first between Britain and Spain, then between Britain and Argentina. The UK asserted its claim to the islands by establishing a naval garrison there in 1833. Argentina invaded the islands on 2 April 1982. The British responded with an expeditionary force that landed seven weeks later and after fierce fighting forced an Argentine surrender on 14 June 1982.	South Africa occupied the German colony of South-West Africa during World War I and administered it as a mandate until after World War II when it annexed the territory. In 1966 the Marxist South-West Africa People's Organization (SWAPO) guerrilla group launched a war of independence for the area that was soon named Namibia, but it was not until 1988 that South Africa agreed to end its administration in accordance with a UN peace plan for the entire region. Independence came in 1990.
Birth rate	NA	34.17 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Budget	revenues: $66.2 million expenditures: $67.9 million (FY98/99 est.)	revenues: $883 million expenditures: $950 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1998) (1998)
Capital	name: Stanley geographic coordinates: 51 42 S, 57 51 W time difference: UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins first Sunday in September; ends third Sunday in April	Windhoek
Climate	cold marine; strong westerly winds, cloudy, humid; rain occurs on more than half of days in year; average annual rainfall is 24 inches in Stanley; occasional snow all year, except in January and February, but does not accumulate	desert; hot, dry; rainfall sparse and erratic
Coastline	1,288 km	1,572 km
Constitution	3 October 1985; amended 1997 and 1998	ratified 9 February 1990; effective 12 March 1990
Country name	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)	conventional long form: Republic of Namibia conventional short form: Namibia former: German Southwest Africa, South-West Africa
Currency	-	Namibian dollar (NAD); South African rand (ZAR)
Death rate	NA	22.28 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Debt - external	$NA	$217 million (2000 est.)
Dependency status	overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina	-
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)	chief of mission: Ambassador Kevin J. McGUIRE embassy: Ausplan Building, 14 Lossen Street, Windhoek mailing address: Private Bag 12029 Ausspannplatz, Windhoek telephone: [264] (61) 221601 FAX: [264] (61) 229792
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)	chief of mission: Ambassador Leonard Nangolo IIPUMBU chancery: 1605 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20009 telephone: [1] (202) 986-0540 FAX: [1] (202) 986-0443
Disputes - international	Argentina, which claims the islands in its constitution and briefly occupied them by force in 1982, agreed in 1995 to no longer seek settlement by force; UK continues to reject Argentine requests for sovereignty talks	none
Economic aid - recipient	$0 (1997 est.)	$127 million (1998) (1998)
Economy - overview	The economy was formerly based on agriculture, mainly sheep farming, but today fishing contributes the bulk of economic activity. In 1987 the government began selling fishing licenses to foreign trawlers operating within the Falkland Islands' exclusive fishing zone. These license fees total more than $40 million per year, which help support the island's health, education, and welfare system. Squid accounts for 75% of the fish taken. Dairy farming supports domestic consumption; crops furnish winter fodder. Exports feature shipments of high-grade wool to the UK and the sale of postage stamps and coins. The islands are now self-financing except for defense. The British Geological Survey announced a 200-mile oil exploration zone around the islands in 1993, and early seismic surveys suggest substantial reserves capable of producing 500,000 barrels per day; to date, no exploitable site has been identified. An agreement between Argentina and the UK in 1995 seeks to defuse licensing and sovereignty conflicts that would dampen foreign interest in exploiting potential oil reserves. Tourism, especially eco-tourism, is increasing rapidly, with about 30,000 visitors in 2001. Another large source of income is interest paid on money the government has in the bank. The British military presence also provides a sizeable economic boost.	The economy is heavily dependent on the extraction and processing of minerals for export. Mining accounts for 20% of GDP. Namibia is the fourth-largest exporter of nonfuel minerals in Africa and the world's fifth-largest producer of uranium. Rich alluvial diamond deposits make Namibia a primary source for gem-quality diamonds. Namibia also produces large quantities of lead, zinc, tin, silver, and tungsten. About half of the population depends on agriculture (largely subsistence agriculture) for its livelihood. Namibia must import some of its food. Although per capita GDP is five times the per capita GDP of Africa's poorest countries, the majority of Namibia's people live in pronounced poverty because of large-scale unemployment, the great inequality of income distribution, and the large amount of wealth going to foreigners. The Namibian economy has close links to South Africa. Agreement has been reached on the privatization of several more enterprises in coming years, which should stimulate long-run foreign investment.
Electricity - consumption	14.88 million kWh (2005)	890.9 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2005)	0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2005)	863 million kWh note: supplied by South Africa (2000)
Electricity - production	16 million kWh (2005)	30 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - production by source	-	fossil fuel: 2% hydro: 98% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2000)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Usborne 705 m	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Konigstein 2,606 m
Environment - current issues	overfishing by unlicensed vessels is a problem; reindeer were introduced to the islands in 2001 for commercial reasons; this is the only commercial reindeer herd in the world unaffected by the 1986 Chornobyl disaster	very limited natural fresh water resources; desertification; wildlife poaching; land degradation has led to few conservation areas
Environment - international agreements	-	party to: Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups	British	black 87.5%, white 6%, mixed 6.5% note: about 50% of the population belong to the Ovambo tribe and 9% to the Kavangos tribe; other ethnic groups are: Herero 7%, Damara 7%, Nama 5%, Caprivian 4%, Bushmen 3%, Baster 2%, Tswana 0.5%
Exchange rates	Falkland pounds per US dollar - 0.5434 (2006), 0.5504 (2005), 0.5462 (2004), 0.6125 (2003), 0.6672 (2002) note: the Falkland pound is at par with the British pound	Namibian dollars per US dollar - 11.58786 (January 2002), 8.60918 (2001), 6.93983 (2000), 6.10948 (1999), 5.52828 (1998), 4.60796 (1997)
Executive branch	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952) head of government: Governor Alan HUCKLE (since 25 August 2006); Chief Executive Chris SIMPKINS (since March 2003); note - Dr. Tim THOROGOOD will assume the position of Chief Executive in January 2008 cabinet: Executive Council; three members elected by the Legislative Council, two ex officio members (chief executive and the financial secretary), and the governor elections: none; the monarchy is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch	chief of state: President Sam Shafishuna NUJOMA (since 21 March 1990) head of government: Prime Minister Theo-Ben GURIRAB (since 28 August 2002) cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president from among the members of the National Assembly elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 30 November-1 December 1999 (next to be held NA 2004) election results: Sam Shafishuna NUJOMA elected president; percent of vote - Sam Shafishuna NUJOMA 77%
Exports	NA bbl/day	$1.58 billion f.o.b. (2001 est.)
Exports - commodities	wool, hides, meat, fish, squid	diamonds, copper, gold, zinc, lead, uranium; cattle, processed fish, karakul skins
Exports - partners	Spain 81.9%, US 6%, UK 4.5% (2006)	UK 43%, South Africa 26%, Spain 14%, France 8%, Japan (1998 est.)
Fiscal year	1 April - 31 March	1 April - 31 March
Flag description	blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Falkland Island coat of arms centered on the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms contains a white ram (sheep raising was once the major economic activity) above the sailing ship Desire (whose crew discovered the islands) with a scroll at the bottom bearing the motto DESIRE THE RIGHT	a large blue triangle with a yellow sunburst fills the upper left section and an equal green triangle (solid) fills the lower right section; the triangles are separated by a red stripe that is contrasted by two narrow white-edge borders
GDP	-	purchasing power parity - $8.1 billion (2001 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 95% industry: NA% services: NA% (1996)	agriculture: 11% industry: 28% services: 61% (2000 est.)
GDP - per capita	-	purchasing power parity - $4,500 (2001 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	NA%	4% (2001 est.)
Geographic coordinates	51 45 S, 59 00 W	22 00 S, 17 00 E
Geography - note	deeply indented coast provides good natural harbors; short growing season	first country in the world to incorporate the protection of the environment into its constitution; some 14% of the land is protected, including virtually the entire Namib Desert coastal strip
Highways	-	total: 64,800 km paved: 5,378 km unpaved: 59,430 km (2001)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Imports	NA bbl/day	$1.71 billion f.o.b. (2001 est.)
Imports - commodities	fuel, food and drink, building materials, clothing	foodstuffs; petroleum products and fuel, machinery and equipment, chemicals
Imports - partners	UK 72.5%, US 15.1%, Netherlands 8.5% (2006)	South Africa 81%, US 4%, Germany 2% (1997 est.)
Independence	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)	21 March 1990 (from South African mandate)
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	NA
Industries	fish and wool processing; tourism	meatpacking, fish processing, dairy products; mining (diamond, lead, zinc, tin, silver, tungsten, uranium, copper)
Infant mortality rate	total: NA male: NA female: NA	72.43 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	3.6% (1998)	8.8% (2001)
International organization participation	ICFTU, UPU	ACP, AfDB, C, CCC, ECA, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), ISO (correspondent), ITU, NAM, OAU, OPCW, SACU, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMEE, UPU, WCL, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	-	2 (2000)
Irrigated land	NA	70 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch	Supreme Court (chief justice is a nonresident); Magistrates Court (senior magistrate presides over civil and criminal divisions); Court of Summary Jurisdiction	Supreme Court (judges appointed by the president on the recommendation of the Judicial Service Commission)
Labor force	1,724 (est.) (1996)	500,000
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture: 95% (mostly sheepherding and fishing) industry and services: 5% (1996)	agriculture 47%, industry 20%, services 33% (1999 est.)
Land boundaries	0 km	total: 3,936 km border countries: Angola 1,376 km, Botswana 1,360 km, South Africa 967 km, Zambia 233 km
Land use	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (99% permanent pastures, 1% other) (2005)	arable land: 0.99% permanent crops: 0% other: 99.01% (1998 est.)
Languages	English	English 7% (official), Afrikaans common language of most of the population and about 60% of the white population, German 32%, indigenous languages: Oshivambo, Herero, Nama
Legal system	English common law	based on Roman-Dutch law and 1990 constitution
Legislative branch	unicameral Legislative Council (10 seats; 2 members are ex officio and 8 are elected by popular vote; to serve four-year terms); presided over by the governor elections: last held 17 November 2005 (next to be held in November 2009) election results: percent of vote - NA; seats - independents 8	bicameral legislature consists of the National Council (26 seats; two members are chosen from each regional council to serve six-year terms) and the National Assembly (72 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) elections: National Council - elections for regional councils, to determine members of the National Council, held 30 November-1 December 1998 (next to be held by December 2004); National Assembly - last held 30 November-1 December 1999 (next to be held by December 2004) election results: National Council - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - SWAPO 21, DTA 4, UDF 1; National Assembly - percent of vote by party - SWAPO 76%, COD 10%, DTA 9%, UDF 3%, MAG 1%, other 1%; seats by party - SWAPO 55, COD 7, DTA 7, UDF 2, MAG 1, note: the National Council is primarily an advisory body
Life expectancy at birth	total population: NA male: NA female: NA	total population: 38.97 years male: 40.81 years female: 37.07 years (2002 est.)
Literacy	NA	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 38% male: 45% female: 31% (1960 est.)
Location	Southern South America, islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, east of southern Argentina	Southern Africa, bordering the South Atlantic Ocean, between Angola and South Africa
Map references	South America	Africa
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm continental shelf: 200 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm	contiguous zone: 24 NM exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine	-	none (2002 est.)
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of the UK	-
Military branches	no regular military forces	National Defense Force (Army, including Air Wing), Police
Military expenditures - dollar figure	-	$104.4 million (2001)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	NA	2.6% (FY97/98)
Military manpower - availability	-	males age 15-49: 436,642 (2002 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service	-	males age 15-49: 260,879 (2002 est.)
National holiday	Liberation Day, 14 June (1982)	Independence Day, 21 March (1990)
Nationality	noun: Falkland Islander(s) adjective: Falkland Island	noun: Namibian(s) adjective: Namibian
Natural hazards	strong winds persist throughout the year	prolonged periods of drought
Natural resources	fish, squid, wildlife, calcified seaweed, sphagnum moss	diamonds, copper, uranium, gold, lead, tin, lithium, cadmium, zinc, salt, vanadium, natural gas, hydropower, fish note: suspected deposits of oil, coal, and iron ore
Net migration rate	NA	0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Political parties and leaders	none; all independents	Congress of Democrats or COD [Ben ULENGA]; Democratic Turnhalle Alliance of Namibia or DTA [Katuutire KAURA, president]; Monitor Action Group or MAG [Kosie PRETORIUS]; South West Africa People's Organization or SWAPO [Sam Shafishuna NUJOMA]; United Democratic Front or UDF [Justus GAROEB]
Political pressure groups and leaders	none	NA
Population	3,105 (July 2007 est.)	1,820,916 note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2002 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	NA%
Population growth rate	2.44% (2007 est.)	1.19% (2002 est.)
Ports and harbors	-	Luderitz, Walvis Bay
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM 7, shortwave 0 (British Forces Broadcasting Service (BFBS) provides Radio 1 and Radio 2 service) (2006)	AM 2, FM 39, shortwave 4 (2001)
Radios	-	232,000 (1997)
Railways	-	total: 2,382 km narrow gauge: 2,382 km 1.067-m gauge (2001)
Religions	primarily Anglican, Roman Catholic, United Free Church, Evangelist Church, Jehovah's Witnesses, Lutheran, Seventh-Day Adventist	Christian 80% to 90% (Lutheran 50% at least), indigenous beliefs 10% to 20%
Sex ratio	-	at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.77 male(s)/female total population: 1 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: NA domestic: government-operated radiotelephone and private VHF/CB radiotelephone networks provide effective service to almost all points on both islands international: country code - 500; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) with links through London to other countries	general assessment: good system; about 6 telephones for each 100 persons domestic: good urban services; fair rural service; microwave radio relay links major towns; connections to other populated places are by open wire; 100% digital international: fiber-optic cable to South Africa, microwave radio relay link to Botswana, direct links to other neighboring countries; connected to Africa ONE and South African Far East (SAFE) submarine cables through South Africa; satellite earth stations - 4 Intelsat (2002)
Telephones - main lines in use	2,400 (2002)	110,200 (2000)
Telephones - mobile cellular	0 (2001)	82,000 (2000 est)
Television broadcast stations	2 (British Forces Broadcasting Service (BFBS) provides multi-channel satellite service to members of UK Forces as well as islanders); cable television is available in Stanley (2006)	8 (plus about 20 low-power repeaters) (1997)
Terrain	rocky, hilly, mountainous with some boggy, undulating plains	mostly high plateau; Namib Desert along coast; Kalahari Desert in east
Total fertility rate	NA	4.77 children born/woman (2002 est.)
Unemployment rate	full employment; labor shortage (2001)	30% to 40%, including underemployment (1997 est.)
Waterways	-	none

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